Steam-plow.



8 SHEBTSSKEET l.

PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905.

G. S. LOWELL.

STEAM PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

" ulnl' Witnesses 232f No. 804,543. PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905.

G. S. LOWELL.

STEAM PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

8 SHEBTSSHBET 2.

Witnesses Inventor.

ZW 93M Httomegs NO- 804,543. PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905' G. 3; LOWELL.

STEAM PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

'8 snsms-s1-1nm a.

Ill

Witnesses PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905. G. S. LOWELL.

STEAM PLOW APPLICATION 11.31) NOV. 8, 1904.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Witnesses No. 804,543. PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905. G. ,s. LOWELL.

STEAM PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

8 SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

Witnesses I Inventor.

Attorneys No. 804,543. PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905.

G. S. LOWELL.

STEAM PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8. 1904.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Witnesses No. 804,548. I PATENTED NOV. 14. 1905.

G. S. LOWELL.

STEAM PLOW.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

8 SHEBTS-SHBBT 7.

i sse m 9 Httomegs' PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905.

G. S. LOWELL. STEAM PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1904.

8 SHEBTSSHEET 8.

Witnesses GRANT S. LOWELL, OF SALINA, KANSAS.

STIEAWl PILOW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Nov. 14, 1905.

Application filed November 8, 1904. Serial No. 281,904.

have invented a new and useful Steam-Plow,

of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to steam-plows; and it has for its object to simplify the construction and to improve the operation of this class of machines.

The present invention has special reference to that class of steam-plows in which one or more gangs of plows are mounted in a frame, said frame being wheel-supported and adapted to be hitched or attached to a traction-engine, which furnishes the means for propulsion. In plows of this class great difficulty has heretofore been experienced in the proper management of the plows. It is obviously necessary that there must be a degree of rigidity of connection between the individual plow units in order that the said units may preserve their proper relative positions, so that the furrows formed thereby may be straight, smooth, and even. At the same time the necessary rigidity of connection has led up to disadvantages in that it has been a matter of considerable difficulty to properly control the individual plows. Thus, for instance, if a leading plow has exhibited a tendency to enter too deeply into the soil the tendency of the rear plows of the gang would be to cut shallow. Again, in a plow composed of several gangs it may not always be desirable to simultaneously operate all of the gangs. Then if one of the gangs is thrown out of operation there has been a tendency to side draft whereby the plows remaining in operation would be caused to slide sidewise to a sutlicient extent to seriously impede the progress and the operation of the device.

These and other disadvantages it is the object of the present invention to overcome; and with these and other ends in view, which will readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the improved construction and novel arrangement and combination of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings has been illustrated a simple and preferred form of embodiment of the invention, it being, how ever, understood that no limitation is necessarily made to the precise structural details therein exhibited, but that the right is re- ,and reinforcing the construction.

served to any changes, alterations, and modifications to which recourse may be had without departing from the spirit or sacrificing the efliciency of the same.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective front view of a steam-plow constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention, the same being detached from the tractionengine. Fig. 2 is a perspective rear view of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective side view taken from the landside of the plow. Fig. 4 is a perspective side view of the plow as seen from the furrow side, showing also a portion of the traction-engine by which the plow is propelled. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the plow-frame. Fig. 6 is a detail view illustrating one form of lever means for adjusting the plows. Fig. 7 is a detail view illustrating a modified form of the lever means for adjusting the plows. Fig. 8 is a detail view illustrating a modification.

Corresponding parts in the several figures are indicated by like characters of reference.

In carrying this invention into practical operation a frame is provided which seen in plan is of the form of a right-angled triangle. Under the preferred construction shown the front beam 1 is supported upon and at right angles to the land-side beam 2, while the furrowside beam 3, which forms the hypotenuse of the triangle, is supported at its front end upon the beam 1 and at its rear end upon a spacing-block 4, whereby it is spaced from and connected with the side beam 2. The latter in the drawings has been shown as a compound beamthat is, it has been made up of a plurality-of planks or beams bolted together or otherwise strongly connected. This of course is a mere detail of construction, and it is not to be understood that any limitation is made in respect to details of this character. It is merely provided that a strong, durable, and effective construction is to be resorted to.

The frame has been shown as provided with a longitudinal brace-beam 5, connecting the front beam 1 with the obliquely-disposed side beam 3, which has been previously mentioned as the furrow-side beam. Transverse braces 6 7 connect the land-side beam 2 with the furrow-side beam 3, and strap-braces 8 8 are also employed whereverthey may be deemed necessary for the purpose of strengthening The furrowside beam 3 is further reinforced by means of a truss T, including a pair of inclined beams 9 9, a strut l0, connecting-bolts 11, and a tie-rod 12. The said furrow side beam is thereby greatly reinforced and enabled to carry the weight and to sustain the strains to which it will be in practice subjected.

Suitably connected with the front end of the frame through the medium of connectingbeams 13 14 and a plurality of connecting and supporting straps 15 is a transverse beam 01' draft member 16. The draft-beam 16 is provided with forwardly-extending straps 17 which are perforated for the reception of a bolt, whereby the device may be hitched to and connected with a traction-engine of appropriate cosntruction. The precise point of attachment of the hitching-straps 17 to the draft bar or beam 16 is to one side of the center of said draftbeam, being between the center and that end of the beam which is located toward the land. Experience has long demonstrated that the plows which are farthest toward the rear will pull the hardest, said plows being obviously those which are disposed at the land side. Hence in order to equalize the strain upon all the plows and to correspondingly equalize the draft it becomes necessary to attach the latter to one side of the center as described, the exact point being readily ascertained by practical experimentation.

The frame of the plow is supported upon two wheelsviz., the furrow-wheel 18 and the land-wheel 19. The furrow-wheel 18 is located at the juncture of the front beam 1 and the furrow-side beam 3, it being connected with the frame by means of a heavy casting 20, between which and the under side of the frame blocks 21 are interposed for the purpose of properly spacing the spindle of the wheel upon the frame. The spindle of the land-wheel is in like manner connected with a heavy casting 22, which is spaced from the under side of the land-side beam 2 by means of blocks 23, said casting being firmly and rigidly secured to said land-side beam by means of braces 24:, connecting-bolts, and the like. It will be particularly noticed that both of these wheels are firmly and rigidly secured to the frame, this being directly contrary to the construction usually practiced in steam-plows and in gang-plows generally, where it is considered necessary that the frame-supporting Wheels shall have a swiveling action with relation to the frame in order that the device may be turned at the ends of the rows or furrows. This has involved the necessity of a rigid hitch to the traction or motive power, which has resulted in a strain so excessive as to make it practically necessary for the operator or operators to elevate and to reset the plows by hand wherever a turn has been necessary at a corner of the field. By my invention the plow-frame is flexibly connected with the traction-engine furnishing the motive power at a single point of connection. Consequently the plow is compelled to follow the engine in any direction that the latter may be propelled, whether it be straight forward or around corners, the plow-frame being at all times properly guided by the wheels, which latterdo not at any time require to be adjusted. By this construction the guiding and the handling of the plow are greatly facilitated, the construction is much simplified, weakening of the frame or of any of the parts is avoided, and strength and economy of construction are insured.

In the construction of a plow in accordance with this invention any desired number of gangs may be employed and each of said gangs may be composed of any desired number of units or individual plows. In the accompanying drawings has been illustrated a plow comprising two gangs each of four units. Each of the individual plows has a separate beam, the beams of each gang being designated B, B B and B*, respectively. In the drawings moldboard-plows of ordinary construction have been shown; but it is obvious that within the scope of the invention breaking-plows, disk plows, or plows of any desired construction may be used. In the drawings each of the plows has also been illustrated as being equipped with a rotary colter 25; but this is obviously no part of the invention and may be dispensed with when desired. The plow-beams of each gang are of different lengths. The front ends of said beams are all disposed in a vertical plane parallel to the front end beam 1 of the frame, and the plow-beam nearest the furrow is obviously the shortest, each successive beam being of greater length in order that the plows may be properly spaced apart,as will be readily understood. By this construction all the plows of the several gangs will be disposed in the vertical plane of the furrow-side beam 3 of the frame, or, perhaps, slightly beyond or in rear of said beam. The rear ends of the adjacent plow-beams of each gang are connected with each other by means of arched braces 26, and a cross bar 27 serves to connect the several beams of each gang, said cross-bar being placed upon the upper sides of the beams and connected with each of said beams by means of clips 28. The plow-carrying ends of the beams of each gang are in this manner securely connected with each other.

The furrow-side beam 3 of the frame is provided with suitably-disposed brackets 29, supporting steam-cylinders 30. Each of these cylinders contains a piston the rod of which, 31, is connected by a flexible element, such as a chain 32, with one of the arched braces 26 of one of the plow-gangs, said chain or flexible element being guided over a pulley 33. Each of the cylinders has a steam-inlet 34:, adapted to be connected by a flexible hose 35 with the steam-space of the boiler of the traction-engine in connection with which the device is used. Each of the cylinders is also provided with a blow-off cock 36. It is ob-.

vious that when steam is admitted to the rear end of-a cylinder the piston will be forced in an inward direction forwardly in the cylinder, thus causing the piston-rod to exert up- 'ward stress through the medium of the chain ported. l/Vhen, as in the drawings, each of the plow-gangs is composed of four units, it is preferred that the front ends of the two central plow-beams of each gang be connected, as by a yoke 37, while the two outer plowbeams are in like manner connected by a longer yoke 38, the ends of the arms of which are bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the outer sides of the respective plow-beams. The yokes 37 and 38 are then secured together by means of transverse bolts or rivets, as 39, and the several plow-beams of the gang are thus firmly connected together. The proportions of the parts are such that the several plow-beams of each gang shall be spaced equal distances apart.

The front ends of the front and rear plowgangs, which in order to distinguish them apart, are designated, respectively, G and G are supported by means of rods 40,connecting the front corners of said gangs with levers, (designated, respectively, 41 and 42.) The levers 41, the front ends of which are connected by rods 40 with the front corners of the gang G, are fulcrumed at the lower ends of uprights 43, rising from the front beam 1 of the frame. Said uprights are bifurcated or vertically slotted for the passage of handlevers 44, which are fulcrumed to brackets 45, rising from the furrowside beam 3, and said hand-levers are connected, by means of links 46, with the rear ends of the levers 41. It will be seen that by elevating the front ends of the hand-levers 44 the front ends of the lovers 41 will be depressed, thus depressing the front ends of the plow-beams constituting the gang with which the said levers 41 are connected. It is, furthermore, obvious that the hand-levers 44 may be manipulated simultaneously or independently, so as to impart a similar or different adjustment to the two front corners of the plow-gang with which the said levers are connected. The handlevers may be secured or retained in adjusted position by means of transverse pins 47 extending-through said levers and through the slotted uprights 23. The front ends of the plow-gangs will thus be supported firmly and securely in any position to which they may be adjusted, thus enabling the rear ends of the plow'gangs to be manipulatedi. e. raised or lowered by the power exerted by steam introduced into the steam-cylinders hereinbefore described or by gravity when steam is exhausted from said cylinders, either by condensation or by being permitted to escape through the blow-off cocks. The supporting means for the front end of the rear plow-gang is simpler than that which has just been described, and it includes only the levers 42, which are themselves hand'levers and which are fulcrumed upon the cross-bar 6 of the frame, which together with brackets 48 we tendinglaterally from the longitudinal framebcams 2 and 5 support quadrants or racksegments 49, concentrically with which the hand-levers 42 are fulcrumed, said hand-levers being provided with spring-actuated dogs or catches 50 of ordinary construction engaging said rack-segments. The levers 42 are directly connected by the rods 40 with the front corners of the rear plow-gang (i in this manner it will be seen that not only are the front ends of the plow-gangs securely supported, but the front corners of each gang are ad justable vertically independently of each other. It is obvious that when more than two gangs are empleyed similar adjusting and supporting means will be applied to each gang. This feature of the invention is considered of great importance inasmuch as the operator is thereby enabled to gage with the utmost accuracy the depth to which each plow shall be permitted to enter into the soil. It is obvious that as long as the outermost plows of each gang cut to the proper depth the intermediate plows are compelled to do the same. Consequentl y if either of the outermost plows should out too deep or too shallow a trifling adjustment of the proper lever will be sufficient to tilt the front end of the beam of the offending plow upwardly or downwardly, as may be required, consequently slightly tilting the point of the plow and guiding it in the desired direction. This adjustment may be effected with the umost ease by the fireman, who is not even required to leave his post, the operating-levers being made of suflicient length for him to reach without difficulty.

The front corners of the respective plowgangs in addition to being connected with the levers 41 and 42 by the connecting-rods 40 are connected with said levers by means of strong coiled or helical springs 51, the lower ends of which are suitably connected with the plow-gangs at or near the front corners of the latter, with which the lower ends of the connecting-rods 40 are connected, or, if preferred, with said connecting-rods 40. The upper ends of said springs 51 are connected with the levers 41 and 42, respectively, at the same sides of the fulcra of said levers with which the rods 40 are connected, but considerably nearer the fulcra. It will be seen that when the operating ends of the levers are depressed the said springs will be expanded or strained to the highest degree of tension, the normal tendency of said springs at all times being to fold the free ends of the connectingrods upward against the under sides of the levers 4:1 4:2, thus exercising a lifting action upon the front ends of the plowframes. On the other hand, when the operating ends of the levers are elevated the springs will be shortened or contracted, and will consequently exert their power to assist in elevating the corners of the plow-gangs, as stated. These springs very materially and to an important degree facilitate the adjustment effected by the levers L1 and 12, and inasmuch as it is of the highest importance that this adjustment be effected in the easiest possible manner and with the minutest degree of accuracy the importance of these elements will be readily appreciated.

It is desired to be understood that other forms of springs than the coiled springs herein shown may be used and that the springs employed may without departing from the scope of the invention be arranged in any suitable manner whereby the desired end shall be atattained viz that tension in an upward direction shall be exerted upon the end of the link which is connected with the plow independent of the upward stress or lift at times exercised by the lever with which the upper end of said link is connected.

An important modification of the plow-adjusting mechanism has been illustrated in Fig. 8 of the drawings. Under this modification the quadrant or rack-segment (here designated 53) is pivotally connected, by means of a pin 5 1, with a supporting-bracket 55, the pin 542 also serving as a fulcrum for the adjusting-lever 56, which is provided with a springactua-ted catch 57, engaging the rack-segment. It will be seen that by this catch the adjusting-lever may be'locked with relation to the rack-segment, while the latter and the lever are still capable of tilting upon the pivotal pin 54. 58 designatesasupporting-lever, the front end of which is fulcrumed to a fixed point 59 of the frame of the machine. The rear end of the supporting-lever 58 is pivotally connected with the plow-gang at the rear end of the latter by means of a link 60. The front corner of the plow-gang is connected with the adjusting-lever 56 by means of arod 61 and a spring 62, which are the equivalent of the rod 40 and spring 51 hereinbefore described. The sLmporting-lever 58 is connected, by means of a link 63, with the front end of the rack-segment or fulcrum 53. It will be seen that when this construction is resorted to the adjusting-lever 56 may be manipulated to tilt or adjust the front corner of the plowgang with which it is connected in precisely the manner which has been hereinbefore described with reference to the levers 41 and 12. When, however, the rear ends of the plowgangs are elevated, as herein described, the supporting-lever 58 will exert an upward stress upon the loosely-supported front end of the quadrant, thus tilting the latter, and with it the adjusting-lever, which is locked thereto by means of the catch member 7 in an upward direction, and consequently lifting or elevating the front end of the plow-gang with which the adjusting-lever is connected, as will be readily understood. This is an important consideration, inasmuch as in the absence of the supporting-lever 58 and related parts it is necessary to elevate the front ends of the plow-gangs by hand when the said plow-gangs are to be lifted clear of the ground, either for the purpose of transporting the machine from place to place or for the purpose of manipulating it in the field under some circumstances.

Adjacent to each side of each plow-gang are provided brackets 64, which are stifiiy braced or reinforced by means of inclined braces 65, and which are firmly secured to and depend from the longitudinal beams of the plowframe, said brackets being disposed in suitable locations to bear lightly against the sides of the plow-gangs, and thus to prevent lateral displacement of the latter either to the right or to the left. These guides or brackets, it will be observed, do not in the least interfere with the freedom of vertical movement of the plow-gangs, but the latter are thereby positively prevented from being displaced laterally with relation to each other or to the frame. This is another very important feature of the invention, inasmuch as not only the plow-gangs, but the individual plows of each gang, are thereby compelled to follow a stright and even course, and deflection from such course is positively prevented. It follows that the plows of this device will make straight, smooth, and parallel furrows of even width as well as of even depth.

In a convenient position upon the frontcornor of the plow-frame adjacent to the landside is supported a box 66 for the reception of coal to feed the furnace of the traction-engine whereby the device is propelled. The weight of the fuel is thus advantageously em ployed to weight the plow-frame at a point where it is always considered desirable that downward pressure shall be exerted.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings hereto annexed, the operation and advantages of this invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which it appertains.

The plow is connected with the engine which furnishes the propulsive power by means of a single bolt, constituting a kingbolt, which connects the draft-straps 17 with the draw-bar of the engine, said draft-straps being connected With the draft-beam 16 by means of obliquely-disposed braces, (indicated in the drawings at 69.) The draft-beam 16 seems is also connected with the front corners of the gangs by means of draft-rods 70. By attaching the draft at the proper point to one side of the center of the draft-beam the draft upon the frame of the plow will be perfectly equalized, and the power required to draw the load will be correspondingly reduced. If the wheel-supports of the plow-frame were not rigid, or, in other words, if swiveled wheels were employed, the king-bolt attachment of the draft would not be feasible, inasmuch as there would be nothing to hinder the plow from sliding around. Owing, however, to the rigid mounting of the spindles of the supporting-wheels, the latter will under all circumstances keep the proper course and guide the plows in the proper direction. It is also owing to this arrangement that the gangs of the plow may be operated independently of each otherthat is to say, one of the gangs may be supported in an elevated and inoperative position while the other is in operation, as is sometimes necessary in finishing a land. Under these circumstances the plowframe will not swing or sway to either side, but will travel straight in the wake of the motor-engine, and the work will be performed in a true and satisfactory manner. At any time while the plow is in operation the adjusting'levers may be manipulated to adjust the plows to enter into the soil to any desired depth, and likewise while the machine is in operation the plow-gangs may be bodily lifted or elevated by introducing steam into the cylinders.

The plow as an entirety is simple in construction and may be built at a moderate expense. It may be easily and quickly attached to or disconnected from a motor-engine of any suitable construction, and it is capable of being manipulated in an entirely satisfactory manner by the engineer and fireman without other assistants. This last feature is considered one of considerable importance, inasmuch as many so-called steam-plows have been devised in the management of which so much help has been required as to make the operation thereof altogether too expensive for practical purposes. This device, as stated, requires no outside assistants in the manipulation thereof, and it is therefore calculated to effect a very important saving in the expense of preparing the soil for the reception of seed.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. A triangular plow-frame having a front beam and a land-side beam at approximately right angles to each other and an obliquelydisposed furrow-side beam; and wheel-carrying spindles rigidly connected with the under side of the land-side beam near the rear end of the latter and at the intersection of the furrow-side beam and the front beam.

2. A plow-frame, a plurality of plows supported in said frame, rotary supporting means mounted upon spindles rigidly connected with said frame, draft-links connected rigidly with the frame and a king-bolt for connecting said frame with a motor-engine, said king-bolt being disposed to one side of the longitudinal center of the plow-carrying frame.

3. A plow-frame, a plurality of plow-gangs supported in said frame, rotary supporting means mounted upon spindles rigidly connected with said frame, and means for the at tachment of draft to the front side of saidplow-carrying frame at a point to one side of the longitudinal center thereof.

4. A triangular plow-frame, a plow-gang, lever means and means for supporting and suspending the plow-gang in the frame, and rotary supporting means for the latter near two corners of the frame upon which said frame with the plow-gang therein will be practically balanced.

5. A plow-frame,a plow-gang, lifting means connecting the rear end of the plow-gang with the frame, levers fulcrumed upon the frame, link-rods connecting each of said levers with a front corner of the plow-gang, and means for adjusting said levers and for retaining them in adjusted position.

6. A plow-frame, a plow-gang, a lever fulcru med upon the frame, a link-rod connecting said lever with the plow-gang near the front end of a plow-beam, and a spring connected with said plow-gang near the point of attachment of the link-rod and connected with the lever at the same side of, but nearer the fulcrum than the link-rod.

7. A plow-frame, a plow-gang including a plurality of beams suitably connected at their front ends, levers fulcrumed in the frame, link-rods connectingsaid levers with the plowgang near the front corners of the latter, and springs connecting the plow-gang with the levers, said springs being disposed to exert tension upon the ends of the link-rods which are connected with the plow-gang.

8. A plow-frame, a plow-gang including a plurality of units, suitably connected, levers fulcrumed upon the frame, link-rods connecting said levers with the front corners of the plow-gang, springs connecting the front corners of the plow-gang with the levers near the fulera of the latter, and means for adjusting and for retaining in adjusted position the said lovers. 1

9. A plow-frame, a plow-gang including a plurality of units suitably connected, levers fulcrumed upon the frame, link-rods and springs connecting said levers with the front corners of the plow-gang, adjusting means for the levers, andmeans for effecting adjustment of the rear end of the plow-gang.

10. A plow-frame, rotary supporting means upon which said frame may be approximately balanced, said rotary supporting means being mounted upon spindles rigidly connected with IIO the frame, a plow-gang, levers fulcrumed upon the frame, link-rods and springs connecting said levers with the front corners of the plow-gang, means for adjusting and for retaining in adjusted position said levers, and independent means for effecting vertical adjustment of the rear end of the plow-gang.

1 1. A wheel-supported frame, a plow-gang vertically adjustable in said frame, and guidebrackets depending from the frame adjacent to the sides of the plow-gang and having vertical members in slidable engagement with the latter.

12. A wheel-supported frame, a plow-gang vertically adjustable in said frame, and brackets depending from the frame-beams adjacent to the plow-gang and including obliquely-disposed stiflening members.

13. A triangular wheel supported frame presenting one side to the front, a plurality of gangs supported in said frame, a draft-beam supported in front of and parallel to the front beam of the frame, and draft-rods connecting the gangs with said draft-beam.

14. A wheel supported triangular frame presenting one side to the front, a plurality of plow-gangs vertically adjustable in said frame and each including a plurality of plows suitably connected together, a draft-beam rigidly supported in front of and parallel to the front beam of the frame, and draft-rods connecting the plow-gangs with said draft-beam.

15. A plow-gang composed of a plurality of plows having beams terminating in alinement with each other, a yoke rigidly connecting the front ends of the outside beams, a yoke rigidly connecting the front ends of the intermediate beams, and means for rigidly connecting the yokes.

16. A wheel-supported frame, a draft-beam supported at the front end of said frame, a plow gang, connecting means between the front end of the plowgang and the draftbeam, means for elevating the rear end of the plow-gang, means for adjusting the front end of the plow-gang including a lever, a connecting-link, and a rack-segment pivoted upon the fulcrum of the lever, a supporting-lever, link connection between said supporting-lever and the plow-gang, and link connection between the supporting-lever and the adjusting-lever.

17. A wheel-supported frame, a plow-gang, an adjusting-lever having a catch, a link connecting said adjusting-lever with the plowgang, a quadrant pivoted upon the fulcrum of the adjusting-lever and engaged by the catch of the latter, and means for effecting adjustment of the plow-gang.

18. Aplow-frame, aplow-gang, lever means supported upon the frame for supporting and adjusting the plow-gang, and spring means connected with the plow-gang to assist in the adjustment of the latter, said spring means being also connected with and controlled by the adjusting-lever.

19. A frame, a plow in said'frame, a lever supported upon said frame, and a link and a coil-spring connecting the plow with the lever, the ends of said connecting members connected with the lever being spaced apart wider than the ends connected with the plow.

20. In a device of the class described, means for tilting a plow, including a lever for performing the desired adjustment, and a linkrod and a spring-coil separately connecting said lever with the object to be tilted or adjusted.

21. A frame, a plow-gang in said frame, an adjusting-lever, a link connecting said lever with the plow-gang, and spring means tending to buckle the plow-gang-supporting end of the link in the direction of the adjustinglever.

22. A plow, draft means for said plow, an adjusting-lever, a link connecting said lever with the draft means, and spring means tending to swing the end of the link which is connected with the draft means in the directionof the fulcrum of the adjusting-lever.

23. A frame, a plow-gang, a draft-beam supported by the frame, draft-links connecting the front end of said plow-gang with the draft-beam, an adjusting-lever, and a springactuated link connecting said lever with the front end of the plow-gang.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

GRANT S. LOVELL.

WVitnesses:

V. R. BAXTER, A. A. VAN DORSTEN. 

